@Article{LionGandon2010,
  Author         = {Lion, Sébastien and Gandon, Sylvain},
  Title          = {Life history, habitat saturation and the evolution of
                   fecundity and survival altruism.},
  Journal        = {Evolution},
  doi            = {10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00933.x},
  Volume         = {64},
  Number         = {6},
  Pages          = {1594-606},
  URL = {https://evolepid.cefe.cnrs.fr/pub/LionGandon2010.pdf},
  abstract       = {Hamilton's rule provides a general description of the
                   conditions for the evolution of altruism. But altruism
                   can take different forms depending on which
                   life-history trait is affected by the helping behavior
                   (fecundity vs. survival helping). In particular, these
                   different forms of helping may have very different
                   demographic consequences, which may feed back on
                   evolution. We examine the interplay between various
                   forms of helping and demography in viscous populations
                   with empty sites. A key component of our analysis is
                   the local density of empty sites experienced by a focal
                   individual, which provides a measure of habitat
                   saturation. Habitat saturation is shown to have
                   contrasting effects depending on (1) whether the
                   physiological costs and benefits of helping affect
                   fecundity, survival or both; and (2) whether the costs
                   of helping are paid in a density-dependent or
                   density-independent manner. For a given level of
                   habitat saturation and with density-dependent
                   reproduction, we find that the conditions for the
                   evolution of helping should be more favorable in the
                   survival altruism life cycle with a cost on fecundity,
                   and more stringent in the fecundity altruism life cycle
                   with a cost on survival. More generally, our analysis
                   stresses the importance of taking into account the
                   feedback between population demography, life history,
                   and kin selection when investigating the selective
                   pressures on altruism.},
  keywords       = {space, evolution of social traits},
  year           = {2010}
}