@Article{LionBoots2010,
  Author         = {Lion, Sébastien and Boots, Michael},
  Title          = {Are parasites "prudent" in space?},
  Journal        = {Ecology Letters},
  doi            = {10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01516.x},
  Volume         = {13},
  Number         = {10},
  Pages          = {1245-55},
  som            = {https://evolepid.cefe.cnrs.fr/pub/LionBoots-PrudPar-2010-SOM.pdf},
  URL = {https://evolepid.cefe.cnrs.fr/pub/LionBoots2010.pdf},
  abstract       = {There has been a renewed controversy on the processes
                   that determine evolution in spatially structured
                   populations. Recent theoretical and empirical studies
                   have suggested that parasites should be expected to be
                   more ''prudent'' (less harmful and slower transmitting)
                   when infection occurs locally. Using a novel approach
                   based on spatial moment equations, we show that the
                   evolution of parasites in spatially structured host
                   populations is determined by the interplay of genetic
                   and demographic spatial structuring, which in turn
                   depends on the details of the ecological dynamics. This
                   allows a detailed understanding of the roles of
                   epidemiology, demography and network topology.
                   Demographic turnover is needed for local interactions
                   to select for prudence in the susceptible-infected
                   models that have been the focus of previous studies. In
                   diseases with little demographic turnover (as typical
                   of many human diseases), we show that only parasites
                   causing diseases with long-lived immunity are likely to
                   be prudent in space. We further demonstrate why, at
                   intermediate parasite dispersal, virulence can evolve
                   to higher levels than predicted by non-spatial theory.},
  keywords       = {space, dispersal, virulence, evolution of social traits},
  year           = {2010}
}